Disk harrow



C. E. WHITE.

' DISK HARROW.

APPLICATION FILED sEPT.9. IsIsIIIENEwED IAN. 21, 1920.

Patented Aug. 31, 1920.

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` C. E. WHITE.

DISK HARROW.

APPLICATION F|LED'sEPT.9. 1913. nENEwED 1AN.21. |920.

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CHARLES E. WHITE, 0F MOLINE, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO DEERE & MAN SURCOMPANY, 0F MOLINE, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

DISK HARROW.

.Specification of Letters Patent.

'Patented Aug. 31, 1920.

Appiieation ineal september 9, 1913, seriai No. 788,921. Renewed January21, i920. seriai No. 353,094.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. WHITE a citizen of the United States,residing at oline, inthe county of Rock Island and State of Illinois,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Disk Harrows; and Ido declare the following to be a full, clear, and eXact descriptionofthe invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in double disking -harrows; thatis to say, disk harrows of the class in which each has a front pair ofgangs,each gang of the pair extending outward from the central,vertical, longitudinal plane of the machine, and having its disksarranged oppositely to those of the other gang, and a second pair ofgangs in the rear of the aforesaid pair, one gang of this rear pairrunning immediately behind a gang of the front pair. Generally, thedisks of thefront gangs are all positioned to have their concave sidesturned outward, one-half the disks being turned toward the right, andthe other half toward the left; and the rear gangs having their disksarranged with the conveX sides all turned outward. The disks of. therear gangs vare positioned so that each of them follows quite closelythe line of travel of a disk on a front gang, and when so arranged, thedisks at the rear remove the furrows and earth ridges which are formedby those at the front, and the surface is largely restored to levelness.The harrowing'and pulverizling actions' desired for any field after itlhas been plowed are completed with one travel of the doubleimplement.

One of the objects of the .invention is to provide a construction andarrangement of draft frames, and .means for uniting them so that theseimplements canbe increased in their capacity without liability ofbreaking or undulyv straining thev frame, and the gangs, though large,will be flexibly connected and .readily adapt themselves to theconditions met with in use.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan view of the implement;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line 2 2 l of Fig. l; y

Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section on the lines 3-3 of Fig. 1; l lFigs. 4 to 14, inclusive, show details; 4

line 16-16 on Fig. 3.

Fig. 15 is a vertical sectional view of thel and C. D is the draft framefor the rear section, with gangs E and F. e ,i

Frame has 'the stub-pole 1', the tubular cross-bar3 secured to the poleby casting 4,

and the diagonal braces 17 each composed .of

a casting (7 or 8) and a bar 40. These braces are secured by bolt 9 and.casting l0 to theV pole, and by castings 5 to theends of the bar 3.Pole 1 is formed of a bar bent -into an elongated U and having-aVertical bearing eye 2. p

It is supported by the truck G, which has a -short aXle 11, wheels 12and a vertical post 13. The latter has at its lower end a journallfitted in a bracket 13, which in turn is fitted to the aXle, and at itsupper end it is fitted ina sleeve bearing 15, bolted at 16 `to the pole.17 is a fork draft bar, its two arms engaging the post 13, one above andthe bar having brace rods 182 Each gang, B and C, .has a large number ofdisks 20 with spools 21, and the connect-l ing bolt or axle rod 22. 23are the bearing boxes, preferably three, for each gang, some of thesehaving flanges 24 and upright bars 25, secured at the top to a framehaving bars` y other below the bearing sleeve 15, this draft 26 and 27longitudinal of the gang, crossbars 28, and inclinedl braces 29. v y

Each casting 5 has a vertical, apertured, section, and a plate 33 (Fig.7) with a lip or flange 33. The part 8 of the diagonal frame brace issecured to the apertured part (Figs. 6 and 7 35 and 37 are rearwardextending draftl connections, 35 passing through' air aperture inathecasting 5. Together with crossbar 3,` it is fastened to the pIate 33 bybolt 34. Bars 37 Aand 8 are fastened by bolt 36 to the casting 5. Lowerbar 35 is loosely 'connected to a flange plate on the draft b ox axle byav pin or bolt 31 (F1 2) passing through a transverse slot 3 1a 1g. 1)1n saio flange plate. Bar 37 is pivotally connected of a gang 1 to theupper bar r 27 of the gang frame by pin 31b in the axis of the slidablepin or bolt at 31.

AThe draft frame is provided-with corrugated sheet-metal floor sections38, 39. 42, 42 are draw-bars each connecting the lower end of theadjusting lever 43 to the innermost bearing of one of the front gangs B,C at 41. The lever is pivoted at 44, and has a locking detent 47 andsegment 45 Vbolted at 46. At 48 there are large flat bumper disks,inside of the innermost earth disks, en gaging each other in allangular. positions of the gangs and providing proper abutment for eachgang, whatever positions their inner ends, respectively, may assume.

To hold the two gangs down, employ a rocking yoke 49 having slotapertures 50`for loosely engaging the draw bars 42 (see Figs. 3 and 16).It is pivoted on a plate 52 by a"- tapered pintle 5l on one part, and-atapered aperture in the other, and held bythe bolt 53 and washer 54. Theplate 52 has arms thev severe' outward .pressure on the rear withvertical slots and is fastened to frame bar 3 by bolts 55. The block orcasting 4 at the end of pole 1 has 'apertured ears 58 (see Figs. 4 and5). Through these pass screws 57 with lock nuts, which bear'on said armsof plate 52. 5 6, 56 are stop lugs which limit the movement of yoke bar49.y lf the lock nuts and bolts at 55 be loosened, screws 57 can beutilized to relatively raise or lower the front frame. After adjustment,the parts are again locked by bolts 55. The yoke 49 being pivoted, bars42 move independently and the movements ofthe gangs are not interferedwith.

Bars 59 bolted to 'block 60 support the drivers seat 58. The block 60and the seat bars 59 are held in place by bolts 61 and 62.'

The rear gangs E and F, respectively, have their disks turned oppositelyto 4those in (rangs B and C, respectively. The rear gang rames (and thefront 'onesl also) carry Scrapers 63, onefor each disk, supported onbars 63. They are operated by foot-levers 64 and are locked by devicesat 65, 66. Above each` set of. disks there is a weight box, myarrangement of parts providing a wide-open space over the tops ofthe'disks for such boxes as well as for the levers and f adjustingdevices for the Scrapers.

The frame for imparting draft to, and y properly sustaining, the reardisk gangs and holding them against outward movement, is composed of thebars 71 and the cross-bar 68, together with tensionv and brace rods 69and 70. The bars 71 are short and are each pivotally connected to adraft bearing 23 of a rear gang in the horizontal planes of the/gangaxis. They extend forward, first in the said horizontal planes of theaxis, and then, at an angle of inclination as reduced as possible, theyextend upward and forward. These bars 71 are rigidly connected to thecross-bar6p8, and the three bars ('71, 71 and 68) constitute. a wideU-frame whose parts are ina plane approximating the horizontal asclosely as [possible and impart direct forward pulling draft on the ganaxle.

The draft or tension rods 69 and- 0 y'are each firmly fastened both tothe cross-bar 68 and to one of theshort draft bars 71. These tensionrods then extend forward to points near theplace"v of attachment to thelfront frame'. i

The draft tension in a forward direction is applied with the utmosteconomy, and much lighter. and` fewler parts can be used for thefrainethan-was the case with earlier machines where the draft parts wereconnected to the rear elements by bars running down on vertical linesfrom an over-hanging frame. I can equip each gang with a larger numberof disks thancould be used in the earlier machines', Iand can safelydraw them forward notwithstanding the severe load they meet when theyare in the ground. And

gangs, doubled ,because of the large number of-disks, and its greatlyincreased tendency to tear the rear frame bars apart, are overing themso fthat they exert the pulling draft at points in the said horizontalplanes) carry the forward part'of the rear draft frame vupward/somewhatand arch it over the front disk gangs, taking it to a plane sufficientlyhigh to ,secure an ample free space belowits front portion to permit theilo front gangs, their weight boxes, their adljusting devices and their.,attachments to swing with the same freedom that they would have if therear draft frame were arranged, as anA entirety, as heretofore, in highhorizontal planes. '5"

'. The bar 68`is` connected to two strong eentral draft bars 67. Theyare brought' inward by bending in front of a spacer and bolt 73, and arefastened together, so as to provide a practicallyunitary bar for thearch part at 74. This bar 74 is extended downward to points well inadvance of the transverse vertical plane containing the pins or pivotswhich unite the front draft bars 35 to the frontddraft boxes 23. It isconnected to the front frame by the swivelv bracket 76 (see Figs. 8 and9) having hinge ears 77 fitted to, and held by, pin7 8 in the having the'socket 75. this socket the front end of the arch bar 74 is seated. 79is a bolt engaging with the wall of the socket 7 5 and adapted toprevent the escape of the arch bar.

The rear gangs can, independently ofy each other, have their inner endsadjusted forward-or back. For this, use is made of the draft rods 8l,connected to levers- 82,'

each independent lever'having its locking detent 84: and segment 85 onone of the draft bars 67. 80 is a laterally elongated stirrup or loopformed of a bar having its end parts longitudinally secured to thecross-bar68 a different principle was necessary, if the and extendeddown so that its central'part lies below the draft rods 81. It andthefbar 68 confine the draft rods lwithin limits, and

although the inner ends of the rear disky gangs are allowed tovibrate|vertically, their ground surface which they could successfullyact upon has. been narrow, this growingout of the fact that as theV rowsof disks are extended laterally, outward, the forward-v draft rapidlybecomes'excessive, and, 'more.

over, the laterally reacting force from the' soil upon the'large numberof convex disks,4

in the four sets, becomes so great that the frames, as they were madeand` arranged in earlier machines, were broken or bent under thestrainsto which they were subjected. I found that aframework-constructed upon capacity of the machine was to be increasedwith safety. Prior to my invention, the rear half, or element, of theapparatus, and the' front half were connected together by va frame (fortransmitting the forward draft,

.' and for sustaining each of the gangs in proper position) whose partswere positioned in relatively high horizontal planes. It extended backfrom 'points above the front disks, on horizontalv lines lying aboveboth the rear disks and the front ones. This frame terminated at pointsabove the rear disks, and had draftbars extending from the elevatedframe directly downward onthe vertical radii of the rear disks for con--nection to the axial parts-ofthe rear gangs. In/some cases this elevatedoverhanging There is looseness in this. fitting so that the front frameand the rearl gangs and they front gangs, and having all the gangsconnected thereto substantially similarly by downward extended draftbars.

In other cases, thi-s elevated frame (having the part overlying the reargangs joined to them by connecting bars extending directly downward tothe disk axis) was pivotally connectedl to the -front frame, the latterhaving a rigid backward extension to provide for` the# connection,The',vertical axis of this connection' (between the front end of theelevated rear frame and the backward extensionl of thef-ront frame) wasbehind the points at 'which'the draft was applied totheffront' gangs,and was sometimes positioned entirely in the -rear of the front disks.

yI have-found that it is practically limpossible to extend the workingwidth of the .machine by following these earlier designs of framestructure,.as experience. has shown .that only five or six'disks foreachgang can v vbefused on each Sitle,.disks of a greater nurniber thanfive/or six transmitting so much lateral "reaetion from. thefsoil, andso much resistance to the. forward dra-ft, that frame work of theearliers'orts will notmeet and overcome these forces unless -it be madeprohibitively complicatedand` heavy.

I furnish a double-'disking implement which'can be successfully andeconomically usedin conjunction with, and. arranged to4 trail behind, anengine gang plow apparatus' comprising from fifteen to twenty,vor m0re,

the` engine, the earth is'left (after Aone travel ofthe engine) inlinishedcondition,

not requiring at a later time 'either a second travel of the engineytofurriish power for a double disk tool, ortwo ,successive diskingoperations with tools each having `only one pair ,of disk gangs. .y v

- The engine furnishes sufficient .power for lio ,the draft of the fourgangs, each with a large number of disks; but it i sfstill necessa'ry toprovide .a ,frame-Work which shall be light and easily managed, and.shall have its parts so arranged and connected to the'.

earthworking parts that the destructive forces can be properlydistributed.

Another object is to. soarrange the parts, -and furnish them with suchadjustments, that the disk gangs, (although elongated yto the extent ofeach having ten, twelve, or more, disks) will quickly bring themselvesto -the desired lines of travel and 'maintain such lines, both wherelthey are expected tg advance,

' nearly horizontally as possible for a long distance, on approximatelystraight lines, swing to the right or to the left (according to theconditions) While they are advancing,

and where it is necessary" that they turn around comparatively sharply,as when turning around at the end of a line of travel.

I apply the necessarily powerful draft to each gang by devices which areconnect ed to its axial parts onlines as nearly horizontal as the otherconditions of the struc-4 ture will permit, this being ineontradistinction from the use of an overhanging framefrom which thestrain of the draft is transmitted vertically to /the axial parts of therear gangs by vertical draft bars or rods extending downward from saidover" verse lines, but also by inclined tension rods winch extend fromthe points where the said frame is connected to the rear gang axles onlines inclined inward to points near the place Where the front end ofthe rear frame is hinged to the front frame.

As concerns'the front gangs (and the displacing forces. exertingpowerful inward pressure longitudinally'of the gangs) they counteractand balance'each other by being arrangedso as to abut at their lrearends.

But as concerns the rear-gangs, the severe outward, longitudinalpressure is taken by the tension rods exerting an inward pulling strain.i i

The rear draft frame is joined to the forward'one by a strong hinge onav-vertical v axis situated well in front of the points where them draftis applied to the front gangs.

This enables me to elongate the rear disk gangs, and arrange themcomparatively close (considering their length) to the front gangs, andyet provide for their swinging on lon-g radii -to give them the maximumo flexibility in lateral movements.

Moreover, I A arrange 'each of the rear gangs so .that'it can beadjusted at will, independently of the other, having found that it isimpossible to employ an apparatus which islas large as I need, if therear gangs are madedependent oneach other in respect to theirl angularpositions. L

l When so many disks are employed, the difficulty in steering becomesgreater, and it is frequently necessary to throw both of the gangs onone side of the v.center of the machine to. lines approximately similarin inand where they are to` clination tothe line ofy draft, in order toprevent'the implement. as a whole from being thrown, by the disks, outof proper line.v Again, the disksof the front section may travel invproper alinement while there will be at the same time a tendency for therear swinging frame to be thrown out of line by its disks, and this canbe corrected by having the independent adjustments which I provide forthe rear gangs.-

As above described, the gangs of the front pairare adapted to abutinward against each other at all times; and the arch element of the reardraft frame is positioned above these abutting ends in such way thatthey are allowed to be moved forward or backward, and to rise and fallwithout interference from they overhanging frame. The pin and slotconnections for the draft arms 37 permit suiiicient longitudinalmovement when the inner ends o'f the gangs are adjusted forward or backby the lever 43 and the draft bars 42.

I do not herein claim any of the matters made the subjects of the claimsin my patent for improvements in disk harrows, l Nov.v 27, 1917, No.1,247,765, for subjectsmatter relating to the construction of the frontdraft frame, the means which support it, the devices which ce nect it tothe front disk gangs, and the devi j guide the diskgangs and controltheir positions in relation to the'frame; preferring to have the claimsin this case relate to the features of construction and arrangementwhich characterize the four-gang apparatus, as an entirety, that is, asa double disking barrow. As concerns these features of cones which'adjust and v struction and arrangement, it will be seen l 'vices whichsupport and connect them and ermit of their relative adjustments.

What I claim is:

1. In a double disking'harrow, the com:

frame, the front pair the cenbination of thel front of disk gangsextending inward to tral vertical longitudinal planes of chine, the rearpair of disk gangs, therear draftv frame having the front hinging'elethemas ment pivoted to the front frame.`onv a line f in a vertical'transverse plane in frontl of the forward disk gangs the arch elementlying above the forward gang frames. and

the Ufshaped rear elementv rigid with the arch element formed of across-bar, andthe short attachment bars rigidly connected to said crossbar and pivotally connected to lthe rear disk gangs to apply thtJ draftthereto at points in horizontal planes approximating those of the reargang axles.

2. In a'double disking harrow, the combination of the front draft frame,the front v pair/'of disk gangs adapted to have `theirl innerfendsadjusted Alongitudinally. and' arranged'to abut at all times againsteachother at the central verticali longitudinal plane of the machine, therear pair of disk gangs,` the rear draftframe having the fronthinging'element pivoted to the front frame on a line in a verticaltransverse plane in front ofthe forward disk gangsthearch element lyingover the abutting parts of the.. forward disk gangs and at its rear en'dthe cross frame elen'ienty formed of a transverse bar and short.longitudinall draft bars re spectivelyv pivotedto the rear disk gangsandinclined tension bars extending from. Athe archelement'to the said shortdraft attachment bars. 3. In ay double disking barrow, the corn.-ybination of the 'front draft frame, the front- -pairof disk gangsadaptedqto have their vinner lends adjusted longitudinally and abuttingat all times inward. againsteach other, the rearpair of disk gangs, thelaterally swinging rear 'draft frame. having the hinge element pivotedtothey front draft frame j the yarch element arranged to vibrate later-'ally over the points of abutment of the front gangs vand thel rearcrosselement rigid with the arch element-.having a cross bar,

longitudinal vgang attaching' bars rigid with the cross bar and havingtheir gang engaging parts lyingin horizontal planes to apply yforwarddraftto the gang and at points 4in horizontal lines in said planes,andin wardly extended tension vloarsjconnected to the saidvlongitudinalgang attaching bars, and. also.v connected Vto the arch'element.

4. In adouble disking harrow, the com` 4ogbinatio'n of the rear pair ofdiskgangs,v the ear draft frame having a cross bar 68, rear gangattaching draft bars 71 secured-to the Vaxialpartof thevrear gangstoapply thev draft by tension at points in horizontal lines .approximatingthe horizontalplanesfof the' bar 68, the front pair of disk gangs, andthe front draft frame, the aforesaid rear draft n'esses. gang axles andsecured rigidly tothe cros'sy arched over the transverse horizontallines of the front diskgangs and pivoted to thel front draft frame at aline in a 'vertical vtransverseplane in front of 'the front disk frameat itsl rear `and .arranged to haveits parts lie .in upwardly andforwardly inclined planes and having. draw bars 7l piv-l otallyconnected to the disk gangs and frwardly extending frame parts rlgid'with I said U frame and comprising an arch el.

ment-add: a hinge element, the front pair of disk gangs arranged -toabut'fagainstv each4 other under the said arch, and the front draftlframe pivoted tothe said hinge ele- .-1nent 'at a line in front of thefront disk.

gangs. f

` `6.' In a double disking harrow, the'conh bination of the front frame,the front pair of disk. gangs extending inward to .the central verticallongitudinal planes' of the machine, the rear pair of disk gangs, therear draft frame having the front hinging ele- "ment-pivoted to thefront frame on a line ina vertical transverse plane in front of theforward disk gangs the arch element lying above the' forward gang framesand Athe U-shaped rear element rigid with the arch elementv formed of across-bar, the short attachment bars rigidly connected to said cross barand pivotally connected to the rear diskl gangsv to apply the draftthereto at Apoints inhorizontal planes -approximating those of the reargang axles, and manually adjustable levers independently pivoted to therear draft frame :and connected respectively to the rear dlsk gangs tochange Vthe angles thereof with respect to 4the linesof draft.

In testimony whereof I" have hereunto set my handy in presence of twosubscribing wit- CHARLES E. WHITE.

Witnesses: N; A. PETERSON,

M. C.-'M CCLAIN.

